Factors of xerophthalmia

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Xerophthalmia is common in the family of social economic group Living in rular areas and urban slums. In India , the disease is more common among the poorer section of the community.
Dietary indequacy of vitamin A: The primary cause of xerophthalmia is dietary indequacy of vitamin A. In the village and urban slums, among the low income group, the intake of vitamin A is less than a quarter of the recommended dietary Intake (RDI).

2) Maternal malnutrition: Indian children of very poor rural families are born with low liver stores of vitamin A. The woman during pregnancy consume very low amounts of vitamin A either due to proverty or ingorance. As a result, the children born to such women have low vitamin A reserves in the body
. As long as the child is breast feed,the vitamin A status of the
infant is apparently adequate because the infant gets reasonable amount of a vitamin A.Due to inadequate consumption vitamin A,the child developed vitamin A deficiency manifesting as xerophthalmia.
Infection and infestation:
 Diarrhoea and respiratory infection and worm infestation like round worm disease are very common in children. These are known to decrease the absorption of vitamin A and lead to deficiency.

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